|
Drug
|
Mechanism
of action
|
|
|
|
|
Digitalis
glycosides
|
inhibits
Na-k-ATPase enzyme
|
|
Omeperazole
|
inhibits
H-k-ATPase
|
|
mupirocin
|
Inhibits
iso leucyl tRNA synthetase
|
|
Disulphuram
|
inhibits
aldehyde dehydrogenase
|
|
Coumarins
|
inhibits
vitamin K epoxide reductase
|
|
Allopurinol
|
inhibits
xanthine oxidase enzyme
|
|
Aspirin
|
COX1 inhibitor, causes
ulcer due to PG inhibition
|
|
Benorylate
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Indomethacin
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Diclofenac
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Phenyl butazone
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Oxyphenyl
butazone
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Naproxan
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Ibuprufen
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Ketoprufen
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Piroxicam
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Azapropazone
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Nabumetone
|
COX1 inhibitors
(causes ulcer)
|
|
Rafecoxib
|
selective
COX2 inhibitor, no
ulcer
|
|
Celecoxib
|
selective
COX2 inhibitor, no
ulcer
|
|
Nimeuselide
|
selective
COX2 inhibitor, no
ulcer
|
|
Glucocorticoids
|
selective
COX2 inhibitor, no
ulcer
|
|
Picrotoxin
|
GABA
antagonist
|
|
Amitryptline
|
GABA
agonist, hyperpolarisation (Cl ↑)
|
|
Diazepam
|
GABA
agonist, hyperpolarisation (Cl ↑)
|
|
Imipramine
|
GABA
agonist, hyperpolarisation (Cl ↑)
|
|
Probenicid
|
expells
out uric acid in arthritis
|
|
Sulfinpyrazole
|
expells
out uric acid in arthritis
|
|
Pyridostigmine
|
anti-cholinestrase
(ACH ↑)
|
|
Neostigmine
|
anti-cholinestrase
(ACH ↑)
|
|
Pilocarpine
|
cholinergic
alkaloid
|
|
Trihexiphenidyl
|
anti-cholinergic
|
|
Biperidin
|
anti-
cholinergic
|
|
Benztropine
|
anti-
cholinergic
|
|
Procyclidine
|
anti-
cholinergic
|
|
Hemicholinum
|
inhibits
reutake of ACH
|
|
Vasamicol
|
inhibits
transport of ACH
|
|
Botulinum toxin
|
inhibits
release of ACH
|
|
Ritodrine
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Midodrine
|
α1 agonist
|
|
Metaraminol
|
β1 agonist
|
|
Adrenaline
|
α
and β agonist
|
|
Noradrenaline
|
α1, α2, β1agonist
|
|
Dopamine
|
α1, β1, D1, D2 agonist
|
|
Dobutamine
|
β1 agonist
|
|
Orciprenaline
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Isoprenaline
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Salmetrol
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Isoxoprine
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Salbutamol
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Terbutaline
|
β2 agonist
|
|
Phenylepherine
|
α agonist
|
|
Oxymetazoline
|
α agonist
|
|
Xylometazoline
|
α
agonist
|
|
Phenylpropanolamine
|
α
agonist
|
|
Amphetamine
|
replaces
and releases adrenaline
|
|
Tyramine
|
replaces
and releases adrenaline
|
|
Mazindol
|
dopamine
releaser in CNS
|
|
Ephederine
|
adrenaline
releaser
|
|
Fenfluramine
|
increases
5-HT transport in CNS
|
|
Flumazenil
|
benzodiazepene
antidote(replacer)
|
|
Flunrazine
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Ketamine
|
inhibits
dopamine reuptake
|
|
Clonidine
|
α2 agonist
|
|
Methyl dopa
|
α2 agonist
|
|
Guanabenz
|
α2 agonist
|
|
Protamine
sulphate
|
Heparin
antagonist from fish
|
|
Phentolamine
|
α
blocker (equilibrium, non selective)
|
|
Tolazoline
|
α
blocker (equilibrium, non selective)
|
|
Phenoxybenzamine
|
α
blocker (non equilibrium, non selective)
|
|
Prazocin
|
α1 blocker
|
|
Terazocin
|
α1 blocker
|
|
Trimazocin
|
α1 blocker
|
|
Indoramine
|
α1 blocker
|
|
Yohimbine
|
α2 blocker from
reserpine
|
|
Sildenafil
(viagra)
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase 5, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Ergot alkaloids
|
α
and 5-HT partial agonist, β blockers
|
|
Ketanserine
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Chlorpromazine
|
dopamine
antagonist
|
|
Atenolol
|
β1 blocker
|
|
Acebutolol
|
β1
blocker
|
|
Butaxolol
|
β1
blocker
|
|
Metoprolol
|
β1
blocker
|
|
Sotalol
|
β1,
β2 blocker
|
|
Timolol
|
β1,
β2 blocker
|
|
Pindolol
|
β1,
β2 blocker
|
|
Prpanolol
|
β1,
β2 blocker
|
|
Labetolol
|
β1,
β2, α blocker
|
|
Methyl tyrosine
|
inhibits
tyrosine hydroxylase
|
|
Imipramine
|
inhibits
NA uptake
|
|
Cocaine
|
inhibits
NA uptake
|
|
Bretylium
|
inhibits
NA release
|
|
Guanethidine
|
inhibits
NA release
|
|
Nicotine(small
dose)
|
ganglionic
stimulant (NA↑)
|
|
Nicotine(high
dose)
|
ganglionic
blocker (NA↓)
|
|
Mecamylamine
|
ganglionic
blocker (NA↓)
|
|
Hexamethonium
|
ganglionic
blocker (NA↓)
|
|
Trimethophan
|
ganglionic
blocker (NA↓)
|
|
Pentolinium
|
ganglionic
blocker (NA↓)
|
|
Succinylcholine
|
NM blocker by
depolarisation (sodium out)
|
|
Tubocurorine(longer)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM
receptor
|
|
Gallamine(longer)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM
receptor
|
|
Pancuronium(longer)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM receptor
|
|
Mivacurium(intermediate)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM receptor
|
|
Atracurium(short)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM receptor
|
|
Vecuronium(short)
|
NM blocker, prevent
ACH binding to NM
receptor
|
|
Dantroline
|
Ca↓from
muscles directly
|
|
Quinine(-)
|
Ca↓from
muscles directly
|
|
Diazepam
|
Cl↑or
hyperpolarisation, GABA agonist
|
|
Baclofen
|
Cl↑or
hyperpolarisation, GABA agonist
|
|
Benzocaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Cocaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Procaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Lidocaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Bupivacaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Prilocaine
|
Na↓out
|
|
Prostaglandins
|
anti
ulcer, anti platelet, vasodilation
|
|
Enoxaperin sodium
|
An
anti coagulant, activates antithrombin 3
|
|
Thromboxanes
|
Causes
platelet aggregation
|
|
Leucoterines (LT4)
|
causes
bronchoconstriction (asthma)
|
|
Bradykinin
|
vasodilation,
cough
|
|
Histamine
|
vasodilation,
bronchoconstriction (anaphylaxis)
|
|
Adrenaline
|
vasoconstriction,
bronchodilation
|
|
Interferon-α
|
anti-cancer
|
|
Interferon-β
|
in
fibroblasts
|
|
Interferon-γ
|
in
wbc
|
|
Interlukins
(anti-cancer)
|
stimulate
T-lymphocytes and kill m/o
|
|
Encephalins
|
morphine
δ agonist
|
|
Pheniramine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Meclizine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Buclizine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Cinnarizine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Cyprohepatadine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Clemastine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Promethazine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Diphenhydramine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Astemizole
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Hydroxizine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Azatidine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Loratidine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Turfinadine
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Dimenhydrinate
|
H1 blocker
(anti-histamines)
|
|
Cimitidine
|
H2
blocker ( anti ulcer)
|
|
Ranitidine
|
H2
blocker ( anti ulcer)
|
|
Famotidine
|
H2
blocker ( anti ulcer)
|
|
Promethazine
& vit B6
|
morning
sickness (vomit) treatment in pregnancy
|
|
Acetazolamide
|
mountain
sickness (vomit) treatment
|
|
Hyoscine
|
motion
sickness(vomit) treatment, anti cholinergic
|
|
Buspirone
|
5-HT
agonist
|
|
Sumatriptan
|
5-HT
agonist
|
|
Cisapride
|
5-HT
agonist, prokinetic agent
|
|
Clozapine
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Resperidole
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Methylsergide
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Pizotifen
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Ondensteron
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Ketanserine
|
5-HT
antagonist
|
|
Carboprost(PG-F2α)
|
induces
uterine contrctions
|
|
Dinoprostone(PG-E)
|
induces
uterine contrctions (abortion)
|
|
Mesoprost(PG-E1)
|
anti
ulcer
|
|
Prostacyclin(PG-I2)
|
prevent
platelet aggregation
|
|
Epoprostinol(PG-I2)
|
prevent
platelet aggregation
|
|
Metoclopramide
|
D2 blocker,
increases prolactin release
|
|
Domperidone
|
D2 blocker,
increases prolactin release
|
|
Captopril
|
ACE
inhibitors
|
|
Enalaprilat(prodrug)
|
ACE
inhibitors
|
|
Lisinopril
|
ACE
inhibitors
|
|
Ramiprilat(prodrug)
|
ACE
inhibitors
|
|
Perindopril(prodrug)
|
ACE
inhibitors
|
|
Losartan
|
angiotensin
antagonist
|
|
Telmisartan
|
angiotensin
antagonist
|
|
Valsartan
|
angiotensin
antagonist
|
|
Nifidipine
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Felodipine
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Amlodipine
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Verapamil
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Diltiazem
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Flunrazine
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Nitric oxide
|
Activates
Guanyl cyclase, increases cGMP↑
|
|
Furosemide
|
inhibits
Na,k,Cl absorption
|
|
Ethacranic acid
|
inhibits
Na,k,Cl absorption
|
|
Bumetinide
|
inhibits
Na,k,Cl absorption
|
|
Thiazides
|
inhibits
Na,k absorption, decreases insulin level
|
|
Chlorthiazide
|
inhibits
Na,k absorption, decreases insulin level
|
|
Hydrochlorthiazide
|
inhibits
Na,k absorption, decreases insulin level
|
|
Indapamide
|
inhibits
Na,k absorption
|
|
Acetazolamide
|
carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor
|
|
Mannitol
|
fascilitate
osmosis
|
|
Sorbitol
|
fascilitate
osmosis
|
|
Caffine
|
inhibits
Na and k absorption
|
|
Theophylline
|
inhibits
Na and k absorption
|
|
Theobromine
|
inhibits
Na and k absorption
|
|
Amiloride
|
inhibits
Na absorption
|
|
Triameterine
|
inhibits
Na absorption
|
|
Spiranolactone
|
aldosterone
receptor antagonist
|
|
Hydralazine
|
k
channel opener & NO releaser
|
|
Nitroglycerine
|
NO
releaser
|
|
Diazoxide
|
k
channel opener, decreases insulin level
|
|
Minoxidil
|
k
channel opener, hypertrichosis (hairs on hand)
|
|
Nicorandil
|
k
channel opener(veins and arteries)
|
|
Nitropusside
|
NO
releaser
|
|
Heparin &
enoxaperin
|
activates
anti-thrombin 3
|
|
Warfarin
|
inhibits
vitamin K epoxide reductase
|
|
Phenindione
|
inhibits
vitamin K epoxide reductase
|
|
Amrinone
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Sildenafil(viagra)
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Dipyridamole
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Alpha-blockers
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Caffine
|
inhibits
phosphodiesrerase, increases cAMP↑
|
|
Digitalis
|
inhibits
Na-k-ATPase enzyme (Na↑, k↓)
|
|
Digoxin
|
inhibits
Na-k-ATPase enzyme (Na↑, k↓)
|
|
Digitoxin
|
inhibits
Na-k-ATPase enzyme (Na↑, k↓)
|
|
Trimetazidine
|
removes
lactic,pyruvic acid frm heart& relive pain
|
|
Resins
|
inhibits
bile reabsorption
|
|
Cholestramine
|
inhibits
bile reabsorption
|
|
Cholestipol
|
inhibits
bile reabsorption
|
|
Atorvastatin
|
inhibits
HMGCoA reductase
|
|
Lovastatin
|
inhibits
HMGCoA reductase
|
|
Simvastatin
|
inhibits
HMGCoA reductase
|
|
Fibrates
|
activtes
lipase & results ω oxidation of triglyceride
|
|
Nicotinic acid
|
inhibits
FFA release
|
|
Niacin
|
inhibits
FFA release
|
|
Acipimox
|
inhibits
FFA release
|
|
Probucol
|
anti-oxidant
|
|
Amidorone
|
calcium
channel blocker
|
|
Bretylium
|
inhibits
NA release
|
|
Beta blokers
|
block
beta receptors
|
|
Calcium chenel
blockers
|
block
calcium channels
|
|
Propafenone
|
fastens
repolarisation or k ions out
|
|
Maxiletine
|
depolarisation↑,
repolarisation↓
|
|
Lidocaine
|
depolarisation↑,
repolarisation↓
|
|
Phenytoin
|
depolarisation↑,
repolarisation↓
|
|
Dysopramide
|
depolarisation↓,
repolarisation↑
|
|
Procainamide
|
depolarisation↓,
repolarisation↑
|
|
Quinidine(+)
|
depolarisation↓,
repolarisation↑
|
|
Emetine
|
induce
vomiting
|
|
Cephaline
|
induce
vomiting
|
|
Apomorphine
|
induce
vomiting
|
|
Ipecac
|
induce
vomiting
|
|
Salt solution
|
induce
vomiting
|
|
Morphine
|
µ agonist
|
|
Codiene
|
µ agonist
|
|
Thebaine
|
µ agonist
|
|
Pentazocin
|
mixed
agonist(k) & antagonist(µ)
|
|
Buprenorphine
|
mixed
agonist(k) & antagonist(µ)
|
|
Naloxone
|
morphine
antagonist
|
|
Nalorphine
|
morphine
antagonist
|
|
Streptokinase
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
Urokinase
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
Alteplase(rt-PA)
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
T-PA(natural)
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
Kallikarein
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
Antistreplase
|
plasminogen
activating factor
|
|
Aspirin
|
inhibits
platelet aggregation (thromboxanes)
|
|
Sulfinpyrazole
|
inhibits
platelet aggregation( thromboxanes)
|
|
Dipyridamole
|
inhibits
phosphodiesterase, cAMP↑
|
|
Ticlopidine
|
blocks
ADP receptor
|
|
Clopidogril
|
blocks
ADP receptor
|
|
Epoprostinol(PG-I2)
|
inhibits
platelet aggregation
|
|
Pentoxyphyline
|
reduces
blood viscosity
|
|
Xanthines
|
bronchodilation
by inc cAMP↑
|
|
Caffiene
|
bronchodilation
by inc cAMP↑
|
|
Theophyline
|
bronchodilation
by inc cAMP↑
|
|
Theobromine
|
bronchodilation
by inc cAMP↑
|
|
Disodium
chromoglycate
|
inhibits
mast cell degranulation
|
|
Nedocromil
|
inhibits
mast cell degranulation
|
|
Ketotifen
|
inhibits
mast cell degranulation
|
|
Acetylcysteine
|
breaks
mucus (mucolytic)
|
|
Carbocysteine
|
breaks
mucus (mucolytic)
|
|
Bromhexine
|
breaks
mucus (mucolytic)
|
|
Pot.iodide
|
increases
water & viscosity↓ of mucus
|
|
Amonium chloride
|
increases
water & viscosity↓ of mucus
|
|
Ipecac
|
increases
water & viscosity↓ of mucus
|
|
Guiphensein
|
increases
water & viscosity↓ of mucus
|
|
Codiene
|
centraly
acting antitussives
|
|
Pholcodeine
|
centraly
acting antitussives
|
|
Dextromethorphan
|
centraly
acting antitussives
|
|
Noscapine
|
centraly
acting antitussives
|
|
Proglumide
|
anti
gastrin (a hormone causing ulcer)
|
|
Progabide
|
GABA
agonist
|
|
Pergolide
|
D1,
D2 agonist
|
|
Aluminium
hydroxide
|
antacid
|
|
Mag. Hydroxide
|
antacid
|
|
Mag. Trisilicate
|
antacid
|
|
Sod. Bicarbonate
|
antacid
|
|
Bismuth
subsalicylate
|
protect
mucosa, pepsin↓, mucus↑, bicarbonate↑
|
|
Sucralfate
|
protect
mucosa, pepsin↓, mucus↑, bicarbonate↑
|
|
Carbenoxlone
sodium
|
protect
mucosa, pepsin↓, mucus↑, bicarbonate↑
|
|
Mesoprost(PG-E1)
|
inhibits
acid production in stomach
|
|
Metoclopramide
|
D2
blocker, prokinetic agent, increases prolactin
|
|
Domperidone
|
D2
blocker, prokinetic agent, increases prolactin
|
|
Cisapride
|
5HT-agonist,
prokinetic agent
|
|
Vefopitant
|
neurokinin-1
antagonist
|
|
Methyl cellulose
|
bulk
luxative
|
|
Agar
|
bulk
luxative
|
|
Sterculia gum
|
bulk
luxative
|
|
Isapgulha
|
bulk
luxative
|
|
Bran
|
bulk
luxative
|
|
Lactulose
|
osmotic
luxative
|
|
Mannitol
|
osmotic
luxative
|
|
Sorbitol
|
osmotic
luxative
|
|
Mag. Silicate
|
osmotic
luxative
|
|
Mag. Hydroxide
|
osmotic
luxative
|
|
Docusate sodium
|
faecal
softner (detergent)
|
|
Bisacodyl
|
stimulant
pugative (muscle movements↑)
|
|
Sod. Picosulphate
|
stimulant
pugative (muscle movements↑)
|
|
Loperamide
|
reduces
faecal outlet frequency
|
|
Mebeverine
|
smooth
muscle relaxant
|
|
Reserpine
|
blocks
NA binding (B.P↓)
|
|
Tegaserod
|
partial
5HT-agonist
|
|
Tetracycline
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Amino glycosides
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Streptomycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Gentamycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Tobramycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Amikacin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Netimycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (30 s, A site)
|
|
Chloramphenicol
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Macrolides
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Clarithromycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Azithromycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Erythromycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Neomycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Clindamycin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s, P site)
|
|
Penicillin
|
inhibits
transpeptidase, no cell wall formation
|
|
Cephalosporin
|
inhibits
transpeptidase, no cell wall formation
|
|
Gresiophulvin
|
inhibit
mitosis
|
|
Ketokonazole
|
inhibits
14-α-demethylase enzyme
|
|
Itroconazole
|
inhibits
14-α-demethylase enzyme
|
|
Miconazole
|
inhibits
14-α-demethylase enzyme
|
|
Oxiconazole
|
inhibits
14-α-demethylase enzyme
|
|
Amphotericin
|
inhibit
14-α demethylase (pore formation)
|
|
Hamycin
|
inhibit
14-α demethylase (pore formation)
|
|
Natimycin
|
inhibit
14-α demethylase (pore formation)
|
|
Nysstatin
|
same
as above,pore in cell wall
|
|
Polymixin
|
cell
wall leakage as above
|
|
Actinomycin
|
inhibit
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
Rifampicin
|
inhibit
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
Rifabutin
|
inhibit
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
Floro quinones
|
inhibits
DNA gyrase
|
|
Novobiocin
|
inhibits
DNA gyrase
|
|
Pentostatin
|
inhibits
adenosine deaminase
|
|
Substance p
|
emetic,
act at neurokinin-1 receptor
|
|
ciprofloxacin
|
Inhibits
DNA gyrase enzyme
|
|
Sulfisoxazole
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Sulfadiazine
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Sulfamethoxzole
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Trimethoprim
|
inhibits
dihydrofolate reductase
|
|
Sulfamethoxapyridazine
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Pyrimethamine
|
inhibits
dihydrofolate reductase
|
|
Proguanil
|
inhibits
dihydrofolate reductase
|
|
Sulfasalazine
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Sulfaguanidine
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Sulfacetamide
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Mefenide
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Silver
sulfasalzine
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Ofloxacin
|
inhibits
DNA gyrase
|
|
Levofloxacin
|
inhibits
DNA gyrase
|
|
Ciprofloxacin
|
inhibits
DNA gyrase
|
|
Topotecan
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 1
|
|
Mitoxanthrone
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 2
|
|
Podophylum
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 2
|
|
Penicillin G
|
natural
penicillin
|
|
Penicillin V
|
acid
resistant penicillin
|
|
Methicilin
|
penicilinase
resistant penicillin
|
|
Cloxacillin
|
penicilinase
resistant penicillin
|
|
Nafecillin
|
penicilinase
resistant penicillin
|
|
Oxacillin
|
penicilinase
resistant penicillin
|
|
Salbactum
|
beta-lactamase
(suicide) inhibitor
|
|
Tazobactum
|
beta-lactamase
(suicide) inhibitor
|
|
Clvulinic acid
|
beta-lactamase
(suicide) inhibitor
|
|
Mupirocin
|
inhibits
isoleucyl tRNA synthetase
|
|
Fosfomycin
|
inhibits
endopyruvte transferase
|
|
Streptogramin
|
inhibits
protein synthesis (50 s,P site)
|
|
Nitrofurantoin
|
inhibits
DNA & RNA synthesis
|
|
Methenamine
|
releases
HCHO (bactericidal)
|
|
Phenazopyridine
|
analgesic
and relieve burns
|
|
Isoniazid
|
inhibits
mycolic acid synthesis
|
|
Ethionamide
|
inhibits
mycolic acid synthesis
|
|
Thiacetazone
|
inhibits
mycolic acid synthesis
|
|
Pyrazinamide
|
inhibits
mycolic acid synthesis
|
|
Ethambutol
|
inhibits
mycolic acid synthesis
|
|
Dapsone
|
inhibits
folate synthtase
|
|
Clofazamine
|
anti-inflammatory
|
|
Flucytosine
|
anti
metabolite (inhibit protein synthesis)
|
|
Terbinafine
|
inhibits
squaline epoxidase enzyme
|
|
Pneumocandin
|
inhibits
cell wall synthesis
|
|
Acyclovir
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Pencyclovir
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Vancyclovir
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Idoxuridine
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Trifluridine
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Vidaberine
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Cidofovir
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Valacyclovir
|
inhibits
viral DNA polymerase
|
|
Amantadine
|
uncoating
of viral assembly
|
|
Rimintadine
|
uncoating
of viral assembly
|
|
Zanamivir
|
inhibits
budding & release of new virus
|
|
Osllamivir
|
inhibits
budding & release of new virus
|
|
Ribavarin
|
inhibits
viral DNA & RNA polymerase
|
|
Interferones
|
inhibits
transcription & translation
|
|
Interferones
|
inhibits
viral assembly formation
|
|
Zidovudine
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Stavudine
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Lamivudine
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Didanosine
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Abecavir
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Zalcitabine
|
inhibit
nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Nevirapine
|
inhibit
non nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Efaveranz
|
inhibit
non nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Dalaverdine
|
inhibit
non nucleoside reverse transcriptase
|
|
Ritonavir
|
inhibits
protease enzyme
|
|
Indinavir
|
inhibits
protease enzyme
|
|
Amprenavir
|
inhibits
protease enzyme
|
|
Saquinavir
|
inhibits
protease enzyme
|
|
Tenofovir
|
inhibit
nucleotide reverse transcriptase
|
|
Zintevir
|
inhibits
integrase enzyme
|
|
Quinine
|
inhibits
heam polymerase
|
|
Chloroqunine
|
inhibits
heam polymerase
|
|
Mefloquinine
|
inhibits
heam polymerase
|
|
Halofantrine
|
inhibits
heam polymerase
|
|
Atovaquone
|
inhibits
elctron transport chain or ETC
|
|
Artemisinin
|
releases
free radicals
|
|
Metronidazole
|
cell
death in presence of nitrate reductase enz
|
|
Albendazole
|
inhibit
microtubule formation, glucose supply
|
|
Thiabendazole
|
inhibit
microtubule formation, glucose supply
|
|
Mebendazole
|
inhibit
microtubule formation, glucose supply
|
|
Pyrental
|
increases
ACH, NM blocker
|
|
Praziquental
|
increases
Calcium inflex thus paralysis
|
|
Ivermectin
|
GABA
agonist
|
|
Progabide
|
GABA
agonist
|
|
Tiagabine
|
inhibits
GABA reuptake
|
|
Viagabatrine
|
GABA
agonist
|
|
Lamotrigine
|
inhibits
amino acids formation
|
|
Levodopa
|
dopamine
precursor
|
|
Carbidopa
|
inhibits
levodopa decarboxylation
|
|
Amantadine
|
dopamine
releaser in cns
|
|
Bromcryptine
|
D1 agonist
|
|
Lysuride
|
D1 & D2 agonist
|
|
Pergolide
|
D1 & D2 agonist
|
|
Pramipexole
|
D2 agonist
|
|
Selegnine
|
MAOB inhibitor
|
|
Pergyline
|
MAOB inhibitor
|
|
Deprenyl
|
MAOB inhibitor
|
|
Phenelzine
|
MAOA inhibitor
|
|
Tranylcypromine
|
MAOA inhibitor
|
|
Isocarboxacid
|
MAOA inhibitor
|
|
Tolcapone
|
COMT
inhibitor
|
|
Barbital(long)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Phenobarbital(long)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Mephobarbital(long)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Amobarbital(inter)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Probarbital(inter)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Butabarbital(inter)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Cyclobarbital(short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Heptabarbital(short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Pentobarbital(short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Secobarbita(short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Hexobarbital(
ultra short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Thiopentone(ultra
short)
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Promazine
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Chlorpromazine
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Triflupromazine
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Halolperidol,
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
droperidol
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Thixines
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Clozapine
|
5HT-antagonist
|
|
Resperidol
|
5HT-antagonist
|
|
Pimozide
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Thioridazine
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Pethidine
|
blocks
dopamine receptors
|
|
Imipramine
|
NA
& serotonin reuptake inhibitor
|
|
Amitryptline
|
NA
& serotonin reuptake inhibitor
|
|
Diazepam
|
Hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Prazapam
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Nitrazepam
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Oxazepam
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Lorazepam
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Floxetine
|
serotonin
reuptake inhibitors
|
|
Proxitine
|
serotonin
reuptake inhibitors
|
|
Flovoxamine
|
serotonin
reuptake inhibitors
|
|
Trazadone
|
serotonin
reuptake inhibitors
|
|
Ketamine
|
dopamine
reuptake inhibitor
|
|
Imipramine
|
NA,
dopamine reuptake inhibitor
|
|
Hemicholinum
|
ACH
reuptake inhibitor
|
|
Meprobamate
|
hyperpolarisation
(Cl ↑,k ↓)
|
|
Phenytoin
|
Na
channel blocker
|
|
Hydantoin
|
Na
channel blocker
|
|
Valproic acid
|
inhibits
GABA transaminase (no metabolism)
|
|
Ethosuccimide
|
Ca
channel blocker
|
|
Cabamazepine
|
Na
channel blocker
|
|
Diazepam
|
chloride
channel opener (Cl ↑)
|
|
Methiamazole
|
inhibits
thyroid hormone synthesis
|
|
Carbimazole
|
inhibits
thyroid hormone synthesis
|
|
Centimazole
|
inhibits
thyroid hormone synthesis
|
|
Thiocynates
|
inhibits
iodide trapping
|
|
Perchlorates
|
inhibits
iodide trapping
|
|
Sulphates
|
inhibits
iodide trapping
|
|
Iodide
|
inhibit
thyroid hormone release
|
|
Sod. Iodide
|
inhibit
thyroid hormone release
|
|
Pot. Iodide
|
inhibit
thyroid hormone release
|
|
Lugol iodine
solution
|
inhibit
thyroid hormone release
|
|
Radioactive
iodine
|
destroys
thyroid gland tissue
|
|
Tolbutamide
|
increases
insulin release
|
|
Chlorpropamide
|
increases
insulin release
|
|
Acetoxamide
|
increases
insulin release
|
|
Tolazamide
|
increases
insulin release
|
|
Glibenclamide
|
insulin
release↑, resistance↓
|
|
Glimipride
|
insulin
release↑, resistance↓
|
|
Biguanides
|
hepatic
glucose production↓, send in muscle↑
|
|
Phenformin
|
hepatic
glucose production↓, send in muscle↑
|
|
Metformin
|
hepatic
glucose production↓, send in muscle↑
|
|
Pioglitazone
|
insulin
sensitivity ↑
|
|
Acarbose
|
inhibits
α-glucosidase enzyme
|
|
Maglitol
|
inhibits
α-glucosidase enzyme
|
|
Estradiole
|
estrogen
(natural)
|
|
Mestranol
|
estrogen
(synthetic)
|
|
Clomiphene
|
anti
estrogen
|
|
Tamoxiphen
|
anti
estrogen
|
|
Lynesterol
|
progesterone
|
|
Levenogestril
|
progesterone
|
|
Norethisterone
|
progesterone
|
|
Allylestrenol
|
progesterone
|
|
Mifepristone
|
anti
progesterone
|
|
Testosterone
|
androgen
|
|
Mesterolone
|
anbolic
steroid
|
|
Ethylestranol
|
anbolic
steroid
|
|
Nandrolone
|
anbolic
steroid
|
|
Stanazolone
|
anbolic
steroid
|
|
Oxymetalone
|
anbolic
steroid
|
|
Danazole
|
anti
androgen
|
|
Flutamide
|
anti
androgen
|
|
Cylcophosphamide
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Efosphamide
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Clorambucil
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Lomustine
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Busulphen
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Mesna
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Thio-tepa
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Mechlorethamine
|
alkylating
agent
|
|
Methotrexate
|
structure
like folic acid (antimetabolite)
|
|
5-floro uracil
|
antimetabolite
|
|
6-mercaptopurine
|
antimetabolite
|
|
Cytarabine
|
inhibits
DNA polymerase
|
|
Fludarabine
|
inhibits
RNA polymerase
|
|
Dactinomycin
|
inhibits
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
Actinomycin
|
inhibits
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
Daunorubicin
|
intercelates
DNA
|
|
Doxorubicin
|
intercelates
DNA
|
|
Bleomicin
|
intercelates
DNA
|
|
Mitomycin
|
inhibits
protein formation
|
|
Vincristine
|
↓amino
acid metabolism,metaphase arrest
|
|
Vinblastine
|
↓amino
acid metabolism,metaphase arrest
|
|
Paclitexal
|
tubules
formation without MAP & GTP
|
|
Decatexal
|
tubules
formation without MAP & GTP
|
|
Irinotecan
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 1
|
|
Topotecan
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 1
|
|
Etoposide
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 2
|
|
Mitoxanthrone
|
inhibits
topoisomerase 2
|
|
Cisplatin
|
cross
links DNA
|
|
Carboplatin
|
cross
links DNA
|
|
L-asperginase
|
inhibits
essential amino acid asparaginine
|
|
Hydroxyurea
|
metaphase
arrest at G1-S phase
|
|
Prednisolone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Prednisone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Dexamethasone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Paramethasone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Cortisone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Hydrocortisone
|
glucocorticoids
|
|
Fludrocortisone
|
mineralocorticoids
|
|
Deoxycorticosterone
|
mineralocorticoids
|
|
Aldosterone
|
mineralocorticoids
|
|
Glucocorticoids
|
seletive
COX2 inhibitors
|
|
NSAIDs
|
COX1 inhibitors
|
|
Glucocorticoids
|
immuno
suppresents
|
|
Anti-cancer drugs
|
immuno
suppresents
|
|
Levamisole
|
immuno
enhancers
|
|
Tetramisole
|
immuno
enhancers
|
|
Amino
glutithimide
|
Inhibits
aromatase enzyme
|
